A computer network is made up of different hardware components. Each piece of hardware has a specific role that helps devices communicate, share data, and work efficiently together.
Ethernet cabling is used to create wired connections between devices on a network. These cables carry data as electrical signals and provide a fast and reliable connection.
Wired connections are generally more stable than wireless connections and are less affected by interference. Ethernet cables are commonly used to connect desktop computers, servers, switches, and routers.
A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices within the same local area network (LAN).
When data is sent, the switch directs it only to the correct device instead of sending it to every device on the network. This helps reduce network traffic and improves performance.
A file server is a computer that is dedicated to storing, managing, and sharing files across a network.
Other devices access files from the server rather than storing them locally. File servers help keep data centralised, easier to back up, and protected using access permissions.
A router connects different networks together, such as a local network and the internet.
It controls how data is sent between networks and chooses efficient routes for data to travel. Routers can also include security features such as firewalls.
A Wi-Fi access point allows devices to connect to a network wirelessly using radio waves instead of cables.
Access points extend wireless coverage across an area and allow devices such as laptops, tablets, and smartphones to join the network. Multiple access points can be used to improve coverage and reliability.
Each piece of hardware has a specific job within a network. You must decide how and why each one could be used in a real-world situation.